真主的九十九項德性
The ninety nine attributes of Allah

******** Sahih Al-Bukhari 8.419 ********
Narrated Abu Huraira:
Allah has ninety-nine Names, i.e., one hundred minus one, and whoever believes in their meanings and acts accordingly, will enter Paradise; and Allah is Witr (one) and loves 'the Witr' (i.e., odd numbers).

******** Sahih Muslim 6475 ********
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying:
There are ninety-nine names of Allah; he who commits them to memory would get into Paradise. Verily, Allah is Odd (He is one, and it is an odd number) and He loves odd number. And in the narration of Ibn 'Umar (the words are) : "He who enumerated them."

根據上列聖訓，真主有九十九個尊名，或稱德性。古蘭經和聖訓並沒有列明該些尊名是甚麼。 如果將古蘭經和聖訓用來描述真主的形容詞和詞組都視為尊名，那麼尊名就會超過九十九個。 因此不同的學者有不同的意見，他們各自制定了不同的名列。下表是為一般穆斯林所認同的。

當一個穆斯林想以真主的尊名來命名時，他可在尊名前冠以「عَبْد」﹙僕人﹚，例如「عَبْدُ الرَحيم」﹙至慈者的僕人﹚； 或可把「ال」除去，如「مَلِك」，而不能直用「المَلِك」。

如果一個穆斯林能把真主的九十九個尊名都一一記住，相信其意義並以之為處世準則，托靠真主，他就能入天堂。所以尊名之中大有福分。

According to the ahadith listed above, Allah has 99 names, or attributes. The Quran and the Hadith do not explicitly list which ones are the names of Allah. If every adjective or word construct in the Quran and the Hadith that is ever applied to Allah is included, there are more than 99 of them. Therefore, differenct scholars have difference opinions, and they come up with different lists. Below is the list that is generally accepted by the Muslims.

If a Muslim wants to use one of the names of Allah, he can use "عَبْد" (servant) before that name, for example, "عَبْدُ الرَحيم" (the servant of the Most Merciful); or he can remove "ال" from that name, for example, "مَلِك", but not "المَلِك" without any change.

If a Muslim commits the 99 names of Allah to memory, belives in their meanings and acts accordingly, he will enter paradise, insha Allah. Thus, there are big blessings in the names.

1 الرَحْمان Ar-Rahman The All Beneficent, The Most Merciful in Essence, The Compassionate, The Most Gracious 至仁的 Beginning of every chapter except one, and in numerous other places
2 الرَحيم Ar-Rahim The Most Merciful, The Most Merciful in Actions 至慈的 Beginning of every chapter except one, and in numerous other places
3 المَلِك Al-Malik The King, The Sovereign, The True and Ultimate King 君王 20:114, 23:116, 59:23, 62:1, 114:2
4 القُدّوس Al-Quddus The Most Holy, The Most Pure, The Most Perfect 至聖的、至潔的 59:23, 62:1
5 السَلام As-Salam The Peace and Blessing, The Source of Peace and Safety, The Most Perfect 和平的 59:23
6 المُؤْمِن Al-Mu'min The Guarantor, The Self Affirming, The Granter of Security, The Affirmer of Truth 保證的 59:23
7 المُهَيْمِن Al-Muhaimin The Guardian, The Preserver, The Overseeing Protector 守護者 59:23
8 العَزيز Al-Aziz The Almighty, The Self Sufficient, The Most Honorable 勝利的、大能的 3:6, 4:158, 9:40, 9:71, 48:7, 59:23, 61:1
9 الجَبّار Al-Jabbar The Powerful, The Irresistible, The Compeller, The Most Lofty, The Restorer/Improver of Affairs 大能的 59:23
10 المُتَكَبِّر Al-Mutakabbir The Tremendous 廣博的 59:23
11 الخالِق Al-Khaliq The Creator 創造者 6:102, 13:16, 39:62, 40:62, 59:24
12 البارِئ Al-Bari' The Rightful 立法的、在虛無中創造的 59:24
13 المُصَوِّر Al-Musauwir The Fashioner of Forms 塑形者 59:24
14 الغَفّار Al-Ghaffar The Ever Forgiving 至恕的 20:82, 38:66, 39:5, 40:42, 71:10
15 القَهّار Al-Qahhar The All Compelling Subduer 征服者 13:16, 14:48, 38:65, 39:4, 40:16
16 الوَهّاب Al-Wahhab The Bestower 賜福者 3:8, 38:9, 38:35
17 الرَزّاق Ar-Razzaq The Ever Providing 供給者 51:58
18 الفَتّاح Al-Fattah The Opener, The Victory Giver 開啟的 34:26
19 العَليم Al-Alim The All Knowing, The Omniscient 全知的 2:158, 3:92, 4:35, 24:41, 33:40, 35:38, 57:6
20 القابِض Al-Qabid The Restrainer, The Straightener 遏止的、整頓的 2:245
21 الباسِط Al-Basit The Expander, The Munificent 寬宏的、慷慨的 2:245
22 الخافِض Al-Khafid The Abaser 貶謫者 95:5
23 الرافِع Ar-Rafi' The Exalter 擢昇者 58:11, 6:83
24 المُعِزّ Al-Mu'izz The Giver of Honour 榮耀賜予者 3:26
25 المُذِلّ Al-Mudhill The Giver of Dishonour 恥辱施予者 3:26
26 السَميع As-Sami' The All Hearing 全聰的 2:127, 2:137, 2:256, 8:17, 49:1
27 البَصير Al-Basir The All Seeing 全明的 4:58, 17:1, 42:11, 42:27, 57:4, 67:19
28 الحَكَم Al-Hakam The Judge, The Arbitrator 仲裁者 22:69
29 العَدْل Al-Adl The Utterly Just 正義的 6:115
30 اللَّطيف Al-Latif The Subtly Kind 微妙的 6:103, 22:63, 31:16, 33:34, 67:14
31 الخَبير Al-Khabir The All Aware 全知的 6:18, 17:30, 49:13, 59:18, 63:11
32 الحَليم Al-Halim The Forbearing, The Indulgent 克制的、寬大的 2:225, 2:235, 17:44, 22:59, 35:41
33 العَظيم Al-Adhim The Magnificent, The Infinite 無限的 2:255, 42:4, 56:96
34 الغَفور Al-Ghafur The All Forgiving 至恕的、隱藏錯誤的 2:173, 8:69, 16:110, 41:32, 60:7
35 الشَكور Ash-Shakur The Grateful 令人感謝的 35:30, 35:34, 42:23, 64:17
36 العَليّ Al-Aliy The Sublimely Exalted 至高的 2:255, 4:34, 31:30, 42:4, 42:51
37 الكَبير Al-Kabir The Great 偉大的 13:9, 22:62, 31:30, 34:23, 40:12
38 الحَفيظ Al-Hafidh The Preserver 保護者 11:57, 34:21, 42:6
39 المُقيت Al-Muqit The Nourisher 給養者 4:85
40 الحَسيب Al-Hasib The Bringer of Judgment 計算者 4:6, 4:86, 33:39
41 الجَليل Al-Jalil The Majestic 至尊的 55:27, 39:14, 7:143
42 الكَريم Al-Karim The Bountiful, The Generous 慷慨的 27:40, 82:6
43 الرَقيب Ar-Raqib The Watchful 監察的 4:1, 5:117
44 المُجيب Al-Mujib The Responsive, The Answerer 答覆者 11:61
45 الواسِع Al-Wasi' The Vast, The All Encompassing 充塞寰宇的 2:115, 2:261, 2:268, 3:73, 5:54
46 الحَكيم Al-Hakim The Wise 睿智的 2:129, 2:260, 31:27, 46:2, 57:1, 66:2
47 الوَدود Al-Wadud The Loving, The Kind One 仁慈的 11:90, 85:14
48 المَجيد Al-Majid The All Glorious 榮耀的 11:73
49 الباعِث Al-Ba'ith The Raiser of The Dead 起死回生者 22:7
50 الشَهيد Ash-Shahid The Witness 見證者 4:79, 4:166, 22:17, 41:53, 48:28
51 الحَقّ Al-Haqq The Truth, The Real 真實的 6:62, 22:6, 23:116, 24:25?, 31:30
52 الوَكيل Al-Wakil The Trustee, The Dependable 可信賴的 3:173, 4:171, 28:28, 33:3, 73:9
53 القَوِيّ Al-Qawiy The Strong 強壯的 22:40, 22:74, 42:19, 57:25, 58:21
54 المَتين Al-Matin The Firm, The Steadfast 堅定的 51:58
55 الوَليّ Al-Waliy The Protecting Friend, Patron and Helper 親切的朋友 3:68, 4:45, 7:196, 42:28, 45:19
56 الحَميد Al-Hamid The All Praiseworthy 值得讚頌的 14:1, 14:8, 31:12, 31:26, 41:42
57 المُحْصي Al-Muhsi The Accounter, The Numberer of All 清算的 72:28, 78:29, 82:10-12
58 المُبْدِئ Al-Mubdi' The Producer, Originator, and Initiator of All 首創萬物的 10:4, 10:34, 27:64, 29:19, 85:13
59 المُعيد Al-Mu'id The Restorer, The Reinstater Who Brings Back All 福祉恢復者 10:4, 10:34, 27:64, 29:19, 85:13
60 المُحْيي Al-Muhyi The Giver of Life 生命賜予者 3:156, 7:158, 15:23, 30:50, 57:2
61 المُميت Al-Mumit The Bringer of Death, The Destroyer 賜死者、毀滅者 3:156, 7:158, 15:23, 57:2
62 الحَيّ Al-Haiy The Ever Living 永生的 2:255, 3:2, 20:111, 25:58, 40:65
63 القَيّوم Al-Qaiyum The Self-subsisting, Sustainer of All 不假外求者、維持萬物者 2:255, 3:2, 20:111
64 الواجِد Al-Wajid The Perceiver, The Finder, The Unfailing 搜查的 38:44
65 الماجِد Al-Majid The Illustrious, The Magnificent 卓越的 85:15, 11:73
66 الواحِد Al-Wahid The One, The Unique, Manifestation of Unity 獨一的 2:163, 5:73, 9:31, 18:110, 37:4
67 الأَحَد Al-Ahad The One, the All Inclusive, The Indivisible 獨一的、充塞寰宇的 112:1
68 الصَمَد As-Samad The Self-sufficient, The Impregnable, The Eternally Besought of All, The Everlasting 自給自足的 112:2
69 القادِر Al-Qadir The All Able 全能的 6:65, 36:81, 46:33, 75:40, 86:8
70 المُقْتَدِر Al-Muqtadir The All Determiner, The Dominant 掌控的 18:45, 54:42, 54:55
71 المُقَدِّم Al-Muqaddim The Expediter, He Who Brings Forward 促進的 16:61, 17:34
72 المُؤَخِّر Al-Mu'akhkhir The Delayer, He Who Puts Far Away 延遲者 71:4
73 الأَوَّل Al-Auwal The First 至先的 57:3
74 الأَخِر Al-Akhir The Last 末後的 57:3
75 الظاهِر Adh-Dhahir The Manifest, The All Victorious 明證的 57:3
76 الباطِن Al-Batin The Hidden, The All Encompassing 隱匿的 57:3
77 الوالي Al-Wali The Patron 庇護者 13:11, 22:7
78 المُتَعالي Al-Muta'ali The Self-exalted 至高的 13:9
79 البَرّ Al-Barr The Most Kind and Righteous 至善的 52:28
80 التَوّاب At-Tauwab The Granter and Accepter of Repentence 懺悔的接受者 2:37, 2:128, 4:64, 49:12, 110:3
81 المُنْتَقِم Al-Muntaqim The Avenger 復仇者 32:22, 43:41, 44:16
82 العَفوّ Al-Afuw The Pardoner, The Effacer of Sins 赦宥者 4:99, 4:149, 22:60
83 الرَؤوف Ar-Ra'uf The Clement, The All Pitying 至慈的 3:30, 9:117, 57:9, 59:10
84 مالِكُ المُلْك Maliku-l-Mulk The Owner of All Sovereignty 主權的擁有者、萬王之皇 3:26
85 ذوالجَلالِ والإكْرام Dhu-l-Jalali wa-l-Ikram The Lord of Majesty and Generosity 至尊與慷慨的主 55:27, 55:78
86 المُقْسِط Al-Muqsit The Equitable, The Requiter 公正的 7:29, 3:18
87 الجامِع Al-Jami' The Gatherer, The Unifier 集合者 3:9
88 الغَنيّ Al-Ghaniy The All Rich, The Independent 富有的 2:263, 3:97, 39:7, 47:38, 57:24
89 المُغْنيّ Al-Mughniy The Enricher, The Emancipator 財富賜予者 9:28
90 المانِع Al-Mani' The Withholder, The Shielder, the Defender 傷害的阻擋者 67:21
91 الضارّ Ad-Darr The Distressor, The Harmer, The Afflictor. This attribute can only be found in hadith 傷害者 6:17
92 النافِع An-Nafi' The Propitious, The Benefactor 創造善良的 ?
93 النور An-Nur The Light 光明的 24:35
94 الهادي Al-Hadi The Guide 引導的 25:31
95 البَديع Al-Badi' The Incomparable, The Originator 無可比擬的、至先的 2:117, 6:101
96 الباقي Al-Baqi The Ever-enduring and Immutable 持續忍耐的、永恆不變的 55:27
97 الوارِث Al-Warith The Heir, The Inheritor of All 萬物的繼承者 15:23
98 الرَشيد Ar-Rashid The Guide, Infallible Teacher and Knower 可靠的導師 2:256
99 الصَبور As-Sabur The Patient, The Timeless 耐心的 ?
Sources:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninety-nine_names_of_Allah
http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E7%9C%9F%E4%B8%BB%E7%9A%84%E4%B9%9D%E5%8D%81%E4%B9%9D%E5%80%8B%E5%B0%8A%E5%90%8D&variant=zh-hk
http://www.islamicpath.org/names.html
http://www.ezsoftech.com/islamic/iqlas5.asp
http://www.islamicity.com/mosque/99names.htm
Last modified: 2009-03-17